BIOL 107, Dr. Clymer

Student Learning Outcomes: Enzymes

1. Be able to describe the basic properties of enzymes.

2. Be able to describe the components of a metabolic pathway.

3. Understand how ATP is used in coupled reactions, and phosphorylation.

4. Be able to recognize oxidation/reduction reactions.

Terms

enzymes

substrates

coenzymes NAD+ NADP+ FADH

cofactors

inhibition, allosteric control, feedback

metabolic pathway

anabolic/ catabolic reactions

phosphorylation

oxidation-reduction

Student Learning Outcomes: Cellular Respiration

1. Understand and be able to discuss the metabolic pathway for the catabolism of glucose.

2. Be able to identify key intermediates and the location of the key processes in cellular respiration.

3. Be able to explain the chemiosmotic mechanism of ATP synthesis.

4. Explain how glucose, fats, and proteins enter pathways for energy release.

5. Be able to describe and identify the structures of the mitochondrion.

Terms

cellular respiration (aerobic respiration)

glyocolysis

Kreb’s cycle (TCA cycle, citric acid cycle)

pyruvate

electron transport phosphorylation

substrate-level phosphorylation

acetyl-CoA

oxaloacetate

anaerobic pathways, e.g. fermentation

Student Learning Outcomes: Photosynthesis (part 1)

1. Be able to discuss what occurs in the light-dependent and light-independent processes of photosynthesis, and where these reactions occur.

2. Be able to describe the light-dependent reactions and where they occur.

3. Understand the chemiosmotic model of ATP formation.

Terms

photosynthesis

stomata

stroma

thylakoids

light-dependent reactions

light-indepdendent reactions

pigments: cholorophyll a

Photosystems I and II

Calvin-Benson cycle

carbon-fixation

RuBP (ribulose biphosphate)

PGA (phosphoglycerate)

PGAL (phosphoglyceraldehyde)

chemiosmotic model of ATP formation

ATP synthase

Student Learning Outcomes: Photosynthesis (part 2)

1. Be able to discuss details of what occurs in the light-independent processes of photosynthesis, and where these reactions occur.

2. Identify the major steps and intermediates of the Calvin-Benson Cycle.

3. Know how ATP and NADPH are used in the production of glucose.

4. Differentiate between C3, C4, and CAM plants.

Terms

stroma

Calvin-Benson cycle

carbon fixation

RuBP (ribulose biphosphate)

phosphoglycerate

PGAL (phosphoglyceraldehyde AKA glyceraldehyde 3P)

Student Learning Outcomes: the Cell Cycle

1. Understand that cells divide for growth and repair

2. Be able to describe the stages of the cell cycle

3. Differentiate between mitosis and cytoplasmic division (cytokinesis)

4. Be able to describe the sequence of each stage of mitosis

5. Explain the difference between mitosis in plants and animals

6. Understand cell division in prokaryotes is by binary fission

Terms

Cell Cycle: G1, S, G2, M, C

Interphase

Mitotic Phase

Mitosis: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Cytokinesis

Cytoplasmic division

Somatic cells

Ploidy, diploid, haploid

Chromosome, chromatid, sister chromatid

Spindle apparatus

Microtubules

Centrosome

centrioles

Cell plate

Cleavage furrow

Binary fission

Student Learning Outcomes: Meiosis

1. Understand the effect of meiosis on chromosome number.

2. Describe the events of meiosis and differentiate it from mitosis.

3. Understand what is meant by crossing-over (prophase I) and independent assortment of maternal and paternal chromosomes (Meiosis I).

4. Understand what is meant by gametogenesis.

5. Learn the sources of genetic variation through Meiosis and sexual reproduction.

Terms

gametes

homologous chromosome

haploid

diploid

crossing-over

synapsis

tetrad

independent assortment

interkinesis

gametogenesis, spermatogenesis, oogenesis

fertilization, zygote