44. Know the function(s) of each leaf cell layer.

1. cuticle - dehydration
2. upper epidermis - physical protection
3. palisade layer - Light reaction
4. spongy layer - Dark reaction
5. air chamber - allows gases and water intimate contact with the spongy layer.
6. lower epidermis - physical protection
7. stoma - allows the entry and exit of gases and water
8. guard cell - controls the stoma